Onesti-developmental-areas-cognitive

What is Attention?

Attention is focusing and processing information from our surroundings.
There are four main types of attention that we use in our daily lives:

  • Sustained Attention: The ability to attend to a task for extended periods of time without losing focus or concentration. Like working on a project, listening to a lecture, reading a book, playing a video game, or fixing a car.
  • Selective Attention: The ability to focus and concentrate on a task even when distractions are present. Like Listening to a friend at a loud party.
  • Divided Attention: The ability to divide focus between two tasks and complete them simultaneously. Like talking on the phone when surfing the web or texting while you are trying to talk to someone in front of you.
  • Alternating Attention: The ability to shift focus from one task to another efficiently and effectively. Like Reading a recipe and preparing a meal.

A problem in any of the attentional processes may make daily activities more difficult to complete. It can make you forgetful and distracted. You’re also likely to have trouble with time management because of your problems with focusing and remembering to finish important tasks. Daydreaming, difficulty with self-control, trouble with memory and learning new things, disorganization, and losing things. All of these symptoms can lead to missed due dates for work, school, and personal projects.

  • Your child has a short attention span and is easily distracted
  • Your child makes careless mistakes – for example in schoolwork
  • Your child appears forgetful or loses things
  • Your child has difficulty to stick to tasks that are tedious or time-consuming
  • Your child appears to be unable to listen to or carry out instructions
  • Your child constantly changes activity or task
  • Your child has poor organizational skills
  • Your child has difficulty keeping quiet, and often speaks out of turn

If you’re noticing that your child is showing one or more of the above signs do not wait! Fill ONESTI’s developmental screening checklist and contact our professionals to help you learn how to improve your child’s cognitive skills using targeted and evidence-based exercises that are fun and enjoyable.

What is Memory?

Disorders such as ADHD, Autism Spectrum, Down syndrome, and developmental language disorder commonly cause memory problems. Long-term memory, visual memory, and working memory can be affected by such conditions.

Long-term memory is the skill which enables you to recall information stored in the past.

Forgetting names, doing poorly on tests, forgetting things you used to know.

Students who have deficits in the storage and retrieval of information from long-term memory may:

  • Study for tests, but not be able to recall the information they studied when taking the tests.
  • Unable to answer specific questions asked of them in class even when their parents and/or teachers think they really know the information.
  • They frequently have difficulty recalling specific factual information such as dates or rules of grammar.
  • They have a poor memory of material learned earlier in the school year or last year.

Working memory is the skill that enables you to hang on to information while in the process of using it.

Having to read the directions again in the middle of an assignment, difficulty following multi-step directions, forgetting what was just said in a conversation.

Working memory issues may be the cause of a child’s struggles with reading comprehension or solving math problems in his head. To retain what you read, you must recall what you read in the paragraph before and make connections between it and what you just read. But, if the first paragraph slid off the table, your child might need to start over, reread, and try to remember.

  • You ask your child to wait while you finish a phone call before he tells you something important. By the time you finish, he’s forgotten what he wanted to say.
  • Your child has difficulty remembering all the steps required to solve a multi-step math or word problem.
  • During parent-teacher conferences, you are told that your child doesn’t listen or follow instructions.
  • You ask your child to put away his toys, and put his laundry in the washing machine, the bell rings, he opens the door and can’t remember what he was supposed to do next.
  • Your child forgets to bring home the materials and books needed to complete a homework assignment.
  • Your child has a hard time retelling the story that you just read to her and skips key details.
  • You ask your child who he played with at school. He remembers playing tag but not the friends he played with.
  • Your child misplaces pencils, crayons, workbook, homework papers, books, or takes items that do not belong to her by mistake.
  • Your child has difficulty staying on task. She is easily distracted moving from one activity to another, without finishing any of them.

If you’re noticing that your child is having trouble recalling information and is forgetful, do not wait! Fill ONESTI’s developmental screening checklist and contact our professionals to help you learn how to improve your child’s cognitive skills using targeted and evidence-based exercises that are fun and enjoyable.

What is Logic and Reasoning?

Logic and reasoning are skills which enable you to reason, form ideas, and solve problems.

Frequently asking, “What do I do next?” or saying, “I don’t get this,” struggling with math, feeling stuck or overwhelmed.

  • Your child feels stuck or irritated when building with blocks or Legos, or other toys that require step-by-step reasoning
  • Your child has difficulty in math, especially in terms of finding relationships among shapes, variables, or abstract concepts, such as problems in geometry and algebra
  • Your child prefers reading and writing to solving math
  • Your child likes to read but nothing that includes graphs and maps because it feels to confusing or frustrating
  • Your child nags or cries when it’s time for math homework
  • Your child is doing well in all subjects but is failing math

If you’re noticing that your child is showing one or more of the above signs, it is advised that you fill ONESTI’s developmental screening checklist and contact our professionals to help you learn how to improve your child’s cognitive skills using targeted and evidence-based exercises that are fun and enjoyable.

What is Auditory Processing?

Auditory processing is the ability to analyze, blend, and segment sounds.

Struggling with learning to read, reading fluency, or reading comprehension.

  • Your child often mishears sounds and words
  • Your child has difficulty in discriminating sounds for example, gets confused between letters that sound similar which may cause difficulty in spelling or phonics
  • Your child’s listening behaviors and performance are better in a calm place or settings than in a noisy one
  • Your child has trouble following verbal directions
  • Your child has difficulty answering questions about a story that is read aloud
  • Your child has difficulty following a conversation

If you’re noticing that your child is showing one or more of the above signs, do not wait! Such difficulties do not just affect academics but also affect daily living skills. It is advised that you fill ONESTI’s developmental screening checklist and contact our professionals to help you learn how to improve your child’s cognitive skills using targeted and evidence-based exercises that are fun and enjoyable.

What is Visual Processing?

Visual processing is the brain’s ability to interpret what is seen.

Difficulties understanding and remembering what you’ve read, following directions, reading maps, doing word math problems.

  • Your child is easily distracted, loses attention and concentration quickly, and daydreams often
  • Your child has poor handwriting, difficulty writing on lines or keeping margins
  • Your child is clumsy, bumps into things, and/or unable to catch a ball, etc.
  • Your child has difficulty copying information from the board or a book and loses track easily
  • Your child Loses place or skips words or lines when reading
  • Your child has difficulty discriminating between similar patterns or shapes and/or similar letters or numbers (e.g., q/p, d/b, 9/6)
  • Your child’s vision becomes blurry during and/or after reading
  • Your child has difficulty remembering materials that are presented visually or in written form
  • Your child has problem solving difficulties
  • Your child complains of frequent headaches

If you’re noticing that your child is showing one or more of the above signs, do not wait! Such difficulties do not just affect academics but also affect daily living skills. It is advised that you fill ONESTI’s developmental screening checklist and contact our professionals to help you learn how to improve your child’s cognitive skills using targeted and evidence-based exercises that are fun and enjoyable.

What is Processing Speed?

Processing speed is the ability to perform tasks quickly and accurately.

Taking a long time to complete tasks, frequently being the last one in a group to finish something.

  • Your child has difficulty following directions involving multiple steps
  • Your child needs a longer time than his peers to copy their name
  • Your child often stares off into space during circle time
  • Takes longer than other kids the same age to figure out how to use paper and pencil
  • Simple and routine tasks take more time to complete

In grade school:

  • Your child takes a very long time to copy down notes in class
  • Your child can’t finish homework in a reasonable amount of time
  • Your child has trouble understanding what’s happening in busy settings (like on the playground at recess), because there are so many things happening at once
  • Your child can’t make up their mind quickly, like deciding what to eat for breakfast
  • Your child struggles with timed tests (like minute-math quizzes), then rushes and makes careless errors
  • Your child struggles to follow conversations and respond when friends ask questions

If you’re noticing that your child is showing one or more of the above signs, do not wait! Such difficulties do not just affect academics but also affect daily living skills. It is advised that you fill ONESTI’s developmental screening checklist and contact our professionals to help you learn how to improve your child’s cognitive skills using targeted and evidence-based exercises that are fun and enjoyable.

Disorders

When cognitive delays and disorder are not related to a congenital condition, they are manifested more clearly in the child’s academic development. Learn more about the symptoms related to these disorders in the academic area.